Civil Engineering :: Advanced Surveying
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The equation which is obtained by multiplying each equation by the coefficient of its un-knowns and by adding the equations thus formed, is known as
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Accidental errors
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If θ and δ be the latitude of a place and declination of a star respectively, the upper culmination of the star will be north of zenith if its zenith distance, is
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In a tropical year, the number of sidereal days are
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The position of a heavenly body on the celestial sphere can be completely specified by
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The angle between the axis of earth and the vertical at the station of observation is called
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For any star to be a circumpolar star, its
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The elevation of the star at elongation is obtained by
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The necessary geometrical condition for triangulation adjustment, is :
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The correction applied to the measured base of length L is
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where w is the weight of tape/m 
where h is height difference of end supports 